Craniofacial Developmental Atlas of Protein Expression of the House Finch

Expression of DKK3 across the house finch beak at stages HH29/30, HH32, HH36, HH39 and HH42.

HH29/30

DKK3 expression at HH29/30

DKK3 (red stain) shows medium cytoplasmic expression in the upper jaw (1) and specially in the lower jaw. (2) Weak cytoplasmic expression in some areas of the upper jaw with (3) high cytoplasmic expression at the tip. (4 ,5) High cytoplasmic expression in potential myogenic areas. Scale bars are 50µm. See expression of all proteins at stage HH29/30 here.

HH32

DKK3 expression at HH32

DKK3 (red stain) shows widely distributed low cytoplasmic expression with areas of medium cytoplasmic expression in both upper and lower jaw. In the upper jaw, medium cytoplasmic expression (1) in potential muscle next to developing cartilage (2) next to the retina and (3) in a large condensation of the maxillary prominence. In the lower jaw, (4) contrast between high and low cytoplasmic expression in mesenchyme and epithelium and (6) medium cytoplasmic expression in potential myogenic areas. (5) Scattered areas with no expression. Scale bars are 50µm. See expression of all proteins at stage HH32 here.

HH36

DKK3 expression at HH36

DKK3 (red stain) shows overall weak cytoplasmic expression in upper jaw and medium in lower jaw. (1) Emerging osteogenic region, (2) nasal conchae and (3) cell condensation in upper jaw shows medium cytoplasmic expression. (4) Paraglossal condensation with low expression and moderate expression in surrounding mesenchyme. (5) Contrast of medium and high cytoplasmic expression in both mesenchyme and epithelium. (6) Meckel's cartilage with weak cytoplasmic expression and moderate to high expression in surrounding mesenchyme. Scale bars are 50µm. See expression of all proteins at stage HH36 here.

HH39

DKK3 expression at HH39

DKK3 (red stain) shows weak cytoplasmic expression in upper jaw and moderate cytoplasmic expression at the lower jaw. (1) Low cytoplasmic expression in nasal cartilage and adjacent mesenchyme with moderate expression in emerging osteogenic region. (2) Medium cytoplasmic expression in nasal conchae with weak expression in adjacent cartilage and no expression in nearby mesenchyme. Weak cytoplasmic expression in (3) premaxillary and (4) primordia epithelial cords with moderate expression in adjacent mesenchyme. (5) Medium to low expression in mesenchyme and epithelium. (6) Meckel's cartilage shows low cytoplasmic expression. Scale bars are 50µm. See expression of all proteins at stage HH39 here.

HH42

DKK3 expression at HH42

DKK3 (red stain) shows moderate cytoplasmic expression in (1) nasal epithelium and (1, 2) nasal conchae with weak expression in adjacent cartilage and no expression in mesenchyme. (3) Paraglossal cartilage with no expression and myogenic area with weak cytoplasmic expression. (4) Muscle and adjacent epithelium with medium cytoplasmic expression. (5, 6) Weak to moderate cytoplasmic expression in epithelium, weak expression in emerging osteogenic region, weak to no expression in surrounding mesenchyme. Scale bars are 50µm. See expression of all proteins at stage HH42 here.